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87 lines
4.1 KiB
HTML
Most developers that work on a Mac are aware of the [MacPorts][macports]
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project that provides a build framework for open source software on Mac OS X.
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MacPorts is certainly not the only option for installing this type of software
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though. Other options include:
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[macports]: http://www.macports.org/
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* [Fink](http://www.finkproject.org/)
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* [Homebrew](http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/)
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* [Rudix](http://rudix.org/)
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* [pkgsrc][pkgsrc]
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Each of these has its benefits. For my package management needs I use the
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lesser known [pkgsrc][pkgsrc]. pkgsrc is maintained by the [NetBSD][netbsd]
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project and aims to provide a cross platform framework for building open-source
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software. The supported platforms include *BSD, Solaris, Linux and Mac OS X.
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It contains over 8000 packages.
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[pkgsrc]: http://www.pkgsrc.org/
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[netbsd]: http://www.netbsd.org/
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For a user used to MacPorts or Homebrew pkgsrc might seem a bit clunky.
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Packages are built by changing into the directory for a project and issuing a
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make command. However if you can move past that it offers some benefits that I
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don't think the others do.
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## Security
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The first of the pkgsrc benefits is proper management of vulnerabilities in the
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managed software. The project maintains a database of vulnerabilities that is
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consulted whenever you attempt to install a package and won't let you install a
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vulnerable package without manual intervention. There is also a pkg_audit
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command that checks the currently installed packages against the
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vulnerabilities database. The recommended setup has the database updated and
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pkg_audit run daily via cron.
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Whilst tracking security vulnerabilities on a local dev machine may not be as
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important as doing so for a publicly accessible server I think its still good
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practice to ensure your third-party software isn't exposing you to unnecessary
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risks. Also if you were to use a Mac as a publicly accessible server I think
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this vulnerability tracking would be very important.
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## Quarterly Releases
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Most of the Mac OS X package managers just slowly tick along as the maintainers
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update their packages. Installing a set of packages one day may install
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different versions the next. For example if you have a team working on a
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project that requires libxml2, the version each of the team members will get is
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whatever was current at the time they installed it.
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This can be particularly problematic when the package changes enough that it
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breaks the usage in a project. Resulting in a situation where it works for most
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people except the poor person who just joined the project and it trying to get
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all the dependencies installed. Thus forcing the project members to all upgrade
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to the new version. (This actually happened to me)
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pkgsrc handles this by making quarterly stable releases. These releases are a
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snapshot of a stable set of packages that are only updated to apply security
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patches. A team all tracking a given pkgsrc stable release will therefore all
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get the same version of the software.
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The quarterly releases also have benefits to anyone deploying a Mac server as
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it allows known versions of the packages to be developed against and then
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deployed on the server no matter how much time elapses.
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## Bulk Builds
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The NetBSD project maintains a bunch of pkgsrc bulk build servers for various
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versions and architectures of NetBSD and other systems (sadly not Darwin
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though). These bulk build servers regularly build every package that pkgsrc
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tracks and report back on any failures. This continuous testing feeds into the
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stable releases and also helps to ensure that all the packages are compatible
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with each other. I have in the past has instances with MacPorts where updates
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to one package broke others. The [pkgsrc-bulk mailing list][pkgsrcbulk]
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receives the result of the bulk builds.
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[pkgsrcbulk]: http://mail-index.NetBSD.org/pkgsrc-bulk/
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## Conclusion
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In this post I've outlined some of the benefits that pkgsrc can bring to Mac
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users. Such as a large library of over 8000 packages, security vulnerability
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tracking and stable releases. Its these reasons why I choose to use pkgsrc on
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Mac OS X. If you're interested in installing pkgsrc checkout the [pkgsrc
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guide][guide].
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[guide]: http://www.netbsd.org/docs/pkgsrc/
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